Movers & Shakers

Dr. William Foege: Eradicating Smallpox and Shaping Global Health

Few figures in public health history have left a legacy as profound as Dr. William Foege. Based in Atlanta, Georgia, Dr. Foege is best known as one of the key architects of the strategy that led to the eradication of smallpox—an achievement that remains one of humanity’s greatest medical triumphs. His lifelong dedication to disease prevention, global health equity, and innovation continues to influence public health strategies around the world.

A Visionary in Disease Eradication

Dr. Foege’s groundbreaking work began in the late 1960s, when he developed a “surveillance and containment” strategy that became the cornerstone of the global smallpox eradication program. His approach focused on identifying and isolating outbreaks quickly rather than mass vaccination alone—an innovation that proved decisive in ending the disease.

Leadership at the CDC and Beyond

In 1977, smallpox was officially declared eradicated, but Dr. Foege’s contributions to public health were far from over. He went on to serve as the Director of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) from 1977 to 1983, strengthening programs to combat polio, measles, and other infectious diseases. His leadership expanded beyond the CDC, influencing global health policy at organizations such as the Carter Center and the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.

Recognition of a Lifelong Mission

On June 11, 2012, Dr. Foege was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the United States’ highest civilian honor. This award recognized his extraordinary role in eradicating smallpox and his decades of service improving public health worldwide.

Champion for Global Health Equity

Throughout his career, Dr. Foege has been a passionate advocate for ensuring that lifesaving medical interventions reach underserved populations. His philosophy—that health is a fundamental human right—has shaped countless programs aimed at eliminating health disparities and preventing the spread of infectious diseases.

Inspiring the Next Generation

Dr. Foege continues to mentor public health leaders, sharing lessons learned from decades of experience fighting diseases on a global scale. His wisdom and commitment to collaboration inspire a new generation of scientists and policymakers to pursue innovative, community-centered solutions.

A Lasting Impact on Public Health

The eradication of smallpox stands as a monumental testament to what is possible when science, strategy, and global cooperation align. Dr. William Foege’s career has not only saved millions of lives but has also established enduring frameworks for tackling the health challenges of the future.

In summary, Dr. William Foege’s work has reshaped public health on a global scale. His vision, leadership, and advocacy continue to guide efforts toward a healthier, more equitable world.


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